Explanation Text: Definition, Structure, and Example

Explanation texts are a type of text that aims to explain or describe a phenomenon, how something works, concepts, processes, or cause and effect of an event in a detailed and logical manner. This type of text is usually intended to provide informative explanations that are easily understood by readers.

Structure of Explanation Text

The structure of explanatory text in English generally consists of three main parts, namely introduction, body, and conclusion. Here is the general structure of explanatory text:

1. Introduction:

   - An opening paragraph explaining the topic to be explained.

 - Statement of purpose to provide an explanation of the topic.

2. Contents (Body):

   - Presents relevant information and facts about the topic explained.

   - Using clear and straightforward language.

   - Present information in an orderly manner using a logical or chronological order.

   - Provide examples, data, or illustrations to support explanations.

   - Compare or explain differences or similarities related to the topic.

3. Conclusion:

   - Summarize the information that has been presented.

   - Provide final impressions or opinions on the topic.

    - End the text with a strong closing sentence.

Although this is a general structure, it is important to remember that explanatory texts can vary depending on the topic being discussed and the author's goals.

Characteristics of Explanation Texts

Some distinctive characteristics of explanation texts include:

1. Objective and factual: Explanation texts are written with the aim of providing factual information and explanations based on reliable evidence or facts.

2. Logical structure: Explanation texts have an organized and logical structure. The explanations are systematically arranged and interconnected with each other.

3. Use of formal and clear language: Explanation texts use formal and clear language to convey explanations. Figurative expressions or ambiguous words are avoided to ensure that readers can easily understand the content of the text.

4. Use of present tense or simple present tense sentences: Since the purpose of explanation texts is to provide explanations about phenomena or processes that generally apply, present tense or simple present tense sentences are commonly used.

Examples of explanation texts can be found in various fields, such as science, technology, nature, food, and others. These texts are very useful for gaining a deeper understanding of a particular topic or phenomenon.

In conclusion, understanding the characteristics of explanation texts, including their definition, structure, and features, allows us to quickly and easily comprehend the content and purpose of the explanation texts we read or write.

Example of Explanation text 

Tornado

Tornado is a natural disaster that occurs when there is a powerful rotation of air in contact with the surface of the Earth. It is typically formed from severe thunderstorms and can cause tremendous destruction in its path.

Tornadoes usually form when there is a clash between warm and cold air masses. As warm air rises, it begins to rotate due to wind shear, a difference in wind speed and direction. This rotation can be intensified by updrafts within the thunderstorm. As the rotating air descends, it creates a funnel-shaped cloud that extends towards the ground. This is the characteristic appearance of a tornado.

The tornado results in the process of producing cumulonimbus clouds. They often occur during the day or in the afternoon, with hot, stuffy air and a somewhat blackened cloud in the sky. This is the result of daylight radiation that causes the cloud to rise vertically. Then, there was an upsurge in air currents in the black clouds. Air currents descend at the ground at high speeds suddenly and move randomly.

The effects of tornadoes can cause natural disasters that threaten society. Air pressure on unstable tornados will interfere with flight. Land transportation will also be disrupted because whirlwinds will crash trees and even destroy buildings